LaneHarvest
Recourse vs non-recourse

Non recourse factoring: what it really covers, and what it leaves with you

Non-recourse sounds like full protection: the broker doesn't pay, the factor takes the loss. In most contracts it's narrower than that. It usually covers a broker that can't pay, not a broker that won't pay because of a dispute. For a reefer load rejected over temperature, a damaged flatbed load or a missing signature, that difference is everything.

How much cash is stuck with brokers?

$

Invoiced each week

$8,800

On 30-day broker terms, about $37,700 is out at any time, waiting to be paid. EXAMPLE estimate.

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We refer carriers to RTS Financial and may be paid for referrals. Disclosure

QUICK ANSWER

Non-recourse factoring means the factoring company carries the loss if an approved broker doesn't pay because it goes out of business or can't pay. Recourse factoring means you carry that risk: an invoice left unpaid past a set number of days comes back to you. Neither usually covers disputes over the load itself.

Factoring with recourse and without recourse are both common, and many factors offer both. What you pay for, and what you're protected from, is decided by the definitions in your contract, not by the label on the brochure.

Which fits

Set your broker mix and see which option fits

Slide to the share of your loads that come from brokers you haven't worked with before, set your cash cushion, and say whether your freight carries claim risk. The dial points toward the option that fits, with the reasons.

Recourse risk dial

RecourseNon-recourse
Cash cushion

Either can work. Compare both quotes on cost.

  • Most of your loads come from brokers you know, so the chance of one going under owing you is lower.
  • A single unpaid invoice coming back to you would hurt, which favors moving that risk to the factor.

A rough guide, not financial or legal advice. The contract's definition of non-recourse is what counts.

Notice what the claim-risk box does: nothing to the dial, but a lot to the reasons. That's deliberate. Claim risk is real for reefers, high-value loads and fragile freight, but non-recourse rarely covers it. Paying extra for non-recourse because you're worried about a rejected load usually buys protection against the wrong thing.

The thing non-recourse does protect against is a broker going under while owing you money. The more of your freight comes from brokers you don't know, and the less cash you have to absorb a loss, the more that protection is worth.

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The fine print

What non-recourse usually does not cover

Most non-recourse terms cover credit risk, meaning the broker's ability to pay. They don't cover the reasons a broker might refuse to pay. Those stay with you.

Temperature claims and rejections

A receiver rejects reefer product, or the broker refuses the invoice over a temperature claim. That's a dispute about the load, handled as a cargo claim, not a non-payment the factor absorbs.

Damage and shortage

Damaged freight on a flatbed or missing cases on a van load lead to deductions or refusals. Again, a dispute.

Paperwork errors

A missing POD signature, a wrong amount or an invoice that doesn't match the rate con can make an invoice unpayable until fixed, and non-recourse won't step in.

Unapproved brokers

Non-recourse typically applies only to brokers the factor approved before you hauled. Haul for a broker it declined, and the risk is yours.

This is why clean records matter even on non-recourse. Pulp temperatures and setpoints on the bill of lading, photos at pickup and delivery, and a signed POD are what settle disputes in your favor. The factor's protection starts where your paperwork ends.

EXAMPLE

Two problems, two contracts, four outcomes

EXAMPLE situations, not any company's terms. The same $3,000 invoice on recourse and on non-recourse terms.

What happensOn recourseOn non-recourse
An approved broker shuts down owing the invoiceComes back to you after the recourse periodThe factor usually absorbs the loss
The receiver rejects a reefer load over temperatureA cargo dispute you handle; the invoice can come backUsually the same: disputes are excluded

Non-recourse changes one row, not both. Whether that row is worth the extra cost depends on how likely a broker failure is for you, which is what the dial above is weighing.

Recourse periods

How long before an unpaid invoice comes back to you

On recourse terms, every contract sets a recourse period: the number of days an invoice can stay unpaid before you have to buy it back or replace it. Contracts set different periods, so find the number in yours before you sign.

When the period runs out, the factor may ask you to repay the advance in cash, take it out of your next advances, or let you swap in a new invoice of the same value. Taking it from future advances can hit at a bad time, so ask which method applies.

Some fees also change near the end of the period. On tiered pricing, an invoice open for 80 days may cost far more than one paid in 30, before it ever comes back to you.

EXAMPLE, not any company's terms

Recourse period 90 days. A broker hasn't paid a $2,000 invoice by day 90. The factor deducts the $1,800 advance from your next advances, and the invoice is handed back to you to collect yourself.

Reading the contract

Reading the recourse clause, line by line

Not legal advice: a plain guide to what to look for. If any wording is unclear, ask the factor in writing or have the contract reviewed.

  1. 01

    What triggers recourse

    Look for the number of days and the events. Does it only mention insolvency or bankruptcy, or also failure to pay for any reason?

  2. 02

    How you repay

    Cash, deductions from future advances, or a replacement invoice. Can you choose?

  3. 03

    Which brokers are covered

    Usually only brokers approved before the load. Check how approval is shown and how long it lasts.

  4. 04

    What counts as a dispute

    Look for terms like dispute, claim, offset or deduction. These are usually excluded from non-recourse.

  5. 05

    Notice requirements

    Some contracts require you to report problems within a set number of days to keep coverage.

  6. 06

    Cost difference

    Ask for the recourse and non-recourse price side by side, so you know what the protection costs.

How companies describe it

How some factoring companies describe their options

Here's how a few companies describe recourse options on their own websites. A sentence on a website isn't the contract, so ask each for the actual definitions.

RTS Financial sets recourse terms after reviewing your account; ask about both options when you request a quote. For how recourse affects price, see factoring rates.

By situation

Recourse or non-recourse: which fits your situation

Established brokers, some cushion

Recourse usually fits. Your brokers pay, you could absorb one loss, and the lower rate adds up.

New brokers, thin cushion

Non-recourse is worth pricing. One broker failure could stall your business, and the protection is aimed at exactly that.

High claim risk

Neither protects you from disputes. Put your effort into records and the right cargo coverage, then choose on price.

Your situation can change. A carrier that starts on non-recourse while hauling for unfamiliar brokers may switch to recourse once it settles on a set of reliable ones and builds some cash. Ask whether you can change between the two during the contract, and what the rate would be.

Disputes

Protecting yourself from the risks non-recourse leaves out

  • Write pulp temperatures, setpoint and mode on the bill of lading at every reefer pickup
  • Photograph the load and the seal before you leave the shipper, and again before the doors open at delivery
  • Get every POD signed, dated and printed, with any exceptions noted by the receiver
  • Keep your reefer unit download for every load until the invoice is paid
  • Check that your cargo coverage fits your freight, including spoilage from a unit breakdown on reefer loads

These cost minutes and settle most disputes before they become unpaid invoices.

Dispatch too

Fewer bad brokers from the start

The best protection against an unpaid invoice is not hauling for a bad payer. Our dispatch desk checks brokers before a load reaches you and works for every truck from 26 ft box trucks to step decks. Nothing is booked until you say yes, and the broker sends the rate con straight to you. The fee is 5% of gross for one truck with authority older than 6 months. More on the factoring hub, or start dispatch.

Recourse and non-recourse: straight answers

Q01Does non-recourse cover rejected reefer loads?
Usually not. A rejected load is a dispute about the cargo, not a broker being unable to pay. Most non-recourse terms only cover a broker's insolvency or inability to pay an approved invoice. If a receiver rejects product over temperature and the broker refuses the invoice, that's normally handled as a claim, and the invoice can come back to you even on non-recourse.
Q02What is recourse factoring?
Recourse factoring means you keep the risk of a broker not paying. If an invoice stays unpaid past the number of days set in your contract, you buy it back from the factor or replace it with another invoice. Because the factor takes less risk, recourse is usually cheaper than non-recourse.
Q03Which is better for new carriers?
It depends on who you haul for and how much cash you have. A new carrier with little cushion, hauling for brokers it doesn't know yet, may value the protection of non-recourse. A new carrier mostly hauling for established brokers the factor has approved may save money with recourse. Either way, use the factor's broker credit checks before every load.
Q04How do I read the recourse clause?
Find three things: how many days an invoice can stay unpaid before it comes back to you, how you repay it, such as cash or deductions from future advances, and what exactly counts as a covered non-payment on non-recourse. If the clause only mentions insolvency or bankruptcy, disputes and claims aren't covered. Ask the factor to explain any wording you're unsure of.

We refer carriers to RTS Financial and may be paid for referrals. See our disclosure.

Price both options before you choose.

Short form. A quote from RTS Financial. No obligation.

Load offer · 53 ft dry van

Joliet, IL Columbus, OH

EXAMPLE
RATE
$1,050
MILES
352+18
ALL-IN RPM
$2.84
  • Freight: Paper goods, 38,500 lb
  • Pickup: Tue 07:00-09:00 · Deliver: Tue 17:00 appt
  • Detention $50/hr after 2 hrs
  • Lumper reimbursed with receipt
Decline: no penalty See my factoring rate